Clinico-pathology and Therapeutic Management of a Primary Atypical Extra-genital Ocular Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia
Keywords:
Extra-genital, ocular, CTVT, cytopathology, treatment,
Abstract
This case report, summarizes the cytopathology and therapeutic management of a primary atypical extra-genital ocular Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour (CTVT) of lymphocytic subtype in a two-year-old German Shepherd mixed breed of dog in Lusaka, Zambia. The presenting problem was a unilateral friable red mass growth covering the right eye affecting the vision. The mass which appeared to have started on its own, was first observed in March, 2022. The dog was the only one affected in a household of two dogs, the vaccination and deworming status was up to date. Vital physical parameters were within normal range except the mucopurulent ocular discharge, conjunctivitis, vascularization and blepharospasm in the right eye. Cytology and histopathology of the biopsied mass revealed the presence of neoplastic round cells characteristic of canine transmissible venereal tumour of lymphocytic subtype. The case was successfully managed through 6 doses of vincristine sulphate administered intravenously at weekly intervals. Management of the case towards complete recovery included chemotherapy, antibiotics, fluid therapy and appetite stimulant. CTVT should be included in the differential diagnosis if there are extra-genital with those of other round cell tumours, especially ocular masses in dogs living in geographical regions with a high TVT prevalence.References
1. Prasad A, Vijayanand V, Rajasundaram and R, Balachandran C. Cutaneous Transmissible Venereal Tumor in a dog. Indi. Vet. J. 2007; 84: 978- 979.
2. Behera, SK., Karade, NP., Mousang, SW., Das, DP., Mishra, KK. and Mohanta, RK. Veterinary Archiv. 2012; 82(4):401-410
3. Eze C, Anyanwu, H, Kene, R. Review of canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in dogs. Nigerian Vet J 2007; 28: 54-70.
4. Ganguly B., Das, U., Das AK. Canine transmissible venereal tumour: a review. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 2016; 14:1–12.
5. Park, MS., Kim Y, Kang, MS., Oh, SY., Cho, DY., Shin, NS. and Kim, DY. Disseminated transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest, 2006;18 (1): 130-133, DOI: 10.1177/104063870601800123
6. Ostrander, EA., Davis, BW., Ostrander, GK. (2016). Transmissible tumors: breaking the cancer paradigm. Trends Genet. 2016; 32:1–15.
7. Milo J, and Snead, E. A case of ocular canine transmissible venereal tumor. Can Vet J, 2014; 55 (1): 1245-1249.
8. Ferreira, AJA., Jaggy, A., Varejäo, AP., Ferreira, MLP., Correia, JMJ., Mullas, JM., Almeida, O., Oliveira, P, Prada, J. Brain and ocular metastases from a transmissible venereal tumour in a dog. J. Small Anim. Pract, 2000;1: (4): 165- 168, 2000. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03187.x
9. Rodrigues, GN., Alessi, AC. and Laus, JL. Intraocular transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. Cienc Rural. 2001;31:141–143.
10. Abeka, YT,. (2019). Review on Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour (CTVT). Pandey, GS., Sharma, RN., and Chizyuka, HGB. Study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 1983; 31:71–75.
11. Pandey, GS., Sharma, RN., and Chizyuka, HGB. Study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 1983; 31:71–75.
12. Nalubamba, KS. Unusual Presentation of Extra-Genital Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in an Adult Cross-Breed Dog – Palatine and Rectal Lesions without Primary Genital Lesions. J Vet Sci Med Diagn. 2015; 4:1. doi:10.4172/2325-9590.1000149
13. Pandey, GS., Hankanga, C., Phiri, F, Chipolo, MM., Racheal M. and Mebelo, N. Cytopathology of Extra-genital Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia. UNZA J. Agric. & Biomedical Sci 2023;7(1).DOI: https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.7.1.1093
14. Pimentel, PAB., Oliveira, CSF and Horta, RS. (2021) Epidemiological study of canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) in Brazil, 2000-2020, Prev. Vet Med. 2021;doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105526
15. Costa, TS., Paiva FN., Manier BS., Araújo DC., Ribeiro GB., Fernandes JI. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of canine transmissible venereal tumor in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2015-2020) Pesqui.Veterinária. Bras. 2023; 43:e07189.
16. Ozgencil, FE., Dirilenoglu, F., Seyrek. İD., Gokçe, AP., Çiray, AG., Pilli, M., Gültekin, Ç. Çetinkaya, MA. and Mocan, G. Ocular transmissible venereal tumor in two dogs: Clinical and cyto-histopathological evaluation. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 2020; 26 (4): 567-572, 2020. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2019.23843.
17. Laissaoui, N., Millan, Y, Betz, DS., Mrini, ME., Ghita, B., Lamalmi, N., Tligui, N. and Azrib, R. Canine transmissible venereal tumor in Morocco: Clinical and pathological findings in 64 dogs-insights from a descriptive epidemiological study (2020-2023) 2024; 14(5):1206-1215. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.16.
18. Tella, MA, Ajala, OO. and Taiwo, VO. Complete regression of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in Nigerian mongrel dogs with vincristine sulphate chemotherapy. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 2004;7:133–138
19. Singh, RS. and Sood, NK., Management of Primary Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Nasal Cavity of a Dog. Intas Polivet, 206;17(2):101-108..
20. Hiblu, MA., Khabuli, NM. and Gaja, A. Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour: First report of three clinical cases from Tripoli Libiya. Open Vet. J 2019; 9 (2): 103–105 doi: 10.4314/ovj.v9i2.1
21. Takiyama N., Terasaki, E. and Uechi, M. Corneal squamous cell carcinoma in two dogs. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2010;13(4):266–269.doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2010.00792.x.
22. Sritrakoon, N., Maneesaay, P., Kasorndorkbua, C., Srisampan, S., Wongsali, C., Kunakornsawat S. and Thayananuphat. A. Intraocular transmissible venereal tumors in dogs: A retrospective review of 21 cases. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 2020; 42 (3), 608-614,
23. Gowtham, RM., Balagangatharathilagar, M. Chandrasekar, M and Subapriya, S. Successful management of ocular transmissible venereal tumor in a dog The Pharma Innovation Journal 2023; 12(8): 1640-1641
24. Fathi M., Ashry M., Ali, KM., Hassan A. and Elkarmoty, AF. Clinico-pathological evaluation and treatment outcomes of canine transmissible venereal tumor using three different protocols. Pak. Vet. J. 2018; 38(2):204-208. https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.044
25. Kumar, K, Jha, AK., Ray, K., Gautam, AK., Singh, D. Diagnosis of TVT with cell cytology and efficacy of treatment with Vincristine Sulfate in non- descriptive Indian canine breeds. Journal of Animal Research. 2021;11(55):1352-1355.
26. Pereira, JS, Silva, ABF, Martins, ALB., Ferreira, AMR. and Brooks, DE. Immunohistochemical characterization of intraocular metastasis of a canine transmissible venereal tumor. Vet Ophthalmol, 2000;3(1): 43-47, DOI: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2000.00097.x
27. Chikweto, A, Kumthekar , S, Larkin H, Deallie C, Tiwari, KP., Sharma, RN, Bhaiyat, MI. (2013): Genital and extragenital canine transmissible venereal tumor in dogs in Grenada,WestIndies,OpenJVetMed,2013;3(2),111-114, DOI: 10.4236/ojvm.2013.32018
2. Behera, SK., Karade, NP., Mousang, SW., Das, DP., Mishra, KK. and Mohanta, RK. Veterinary Archiv. 2012; 82(4):401-410
3. Eze C, Anyanwu, H, Kene, R. Review of canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in dogs. Nigerian Vet J 2007; 28: 54-70.
4. Ganguly B., Das, U., Das AK. Canine transmissible venereal tumour: a review. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 2016; 14:1–12.
5. Park, MS., Kim Y, Kang, MS., Oh, SY., Cho, DY., Shin, NS. and Kim, DY. Disseminated transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest, 2006;18 (1): 130-133, DOI: 10.1177/104063870601800123
6. Ostrander, EA., Davis, BW., Ostrander, GK. (2016). Transmissible tumors: breaking the cancer paradigm. Trends Genet. 2016; 32:1–15.
7. Milo J, and Snead, E. A case of ocular canine transmissible venereal tumor. Can Vet J, 2014; 55 (1): 1245-1249.
8. Ferreira, AJA., Jaggy, A., Varejäo, AP., Ferreira, MLP., Correia, JMJ., Mullas, JM., Almeida, O., Oliveira, P, Prada, J. Brain and ocular metastases from a transmissible venereal tumour in a dog. J. Small Anim. Pract, 2000;1: (4): 165- 168, 2000. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03187.x
9. Rodrigues, GN., Alessi, AC. and Laus, JL. Intraocular transmissible venereal tumor in a dog. Cienc Rural. 2001;31:141–143.
10. Abeka, YT,. (2019). Review on Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour (CTVT). Pandey, GS., Sharma, RN., and Chizyuka, HGB. Study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 1983; 31:71–75.
11. Pandey, GS., Sharma, RN., and Chizyuka, HGB. Study of neoplasms of dogs in Zambia. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 1983; 31:71–75.
12. Nalubamba, KS. Unusual Presentation of Extra-Genital Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor in an Adult Cross-Breed Dog – Palatine and Rectal Lesions without Primary Genital Lesions. J Vet Sci Med Diagn. 2015; 4:1. doi:10.4172/2325-9590.1000149
13. Pandey, GS., Hankanga, C., Phiri, F, Chipolo, MM., Racheal M. and Mebelo, N. Cytopathology of Extra-genital Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia. UNZA J. Agric. & Biomedical Sci 2023;7(1).DOI: https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.7.1.1093
14. Pimentel, PAB., Oliveira, CSF and Horta, RS. (2021) Epidemiological study of canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) in Brazil, 2000-2020, Prev. Vet Med. 2021;doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105526
15. Costa, TS., Paiva FN., Manier BS., Araújo DC., Ribeiro GB., Fernandes JI. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of canine transmissible venereal tumor in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2015-2020) Pesqui.Veterinária. Bras. 2023; 43:e07189.
16. Ozgencil, FE., Dirilenoglu, F., Seyrek. İD., Gokçe, AP., Çiray, AG., Pilli, M., Gültekin, Ç. Çetinkaya, MA. and Mocan, G. Ocular transmissible venereal tumor in two dogs: Clinical and cyto-histopathological evaluation. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 2020; 26 (4): 567-572, 2020. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2019.23843.
17. Laissaoui, N., Millan, Y, Betz, DS., Mrini, ME., Ghita, B., Lamalmi, N., Tligui, N. and Azrib, R. Canine transmissible venereal tumor in Morocco: Clinical and pathological findings in 64 dogs-insights from a descriptive epidemiological study (2020-2023) 2024; 14(5):1206-1215. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.16.
18. Tella, MA, Ajala, OO. and Taiwo, VO. Complete regression of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in Nigerian mongrel dogs with vincristine sulphate chemotherapy. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 2004;7:133–138
19. Singh, RS. and Sood, NK., Management of Primary Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Nasal Cavity of a Dog. Intas Polivet, 206;17(2):101-108..
20. Hiblu, MA., Khabuli, NM. and Gaja, A. Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour: First report of three clinical cases from Tripoli Libiya. Open Vet. J 2019; 9 (2): 103–105 doi: 10.4314/ovj.v9i2.1
21. Takiyama N., Terasaki, E. and Uechi, M. Corneal squamous cell carcinoma in two dogs. Vet. Ophthalmol. 2010;13(4):266–269.doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2010.00792.x.
22. Sritrakoon, N., Maneesaay, P., Kasorndorkbua, C., Srisampan, S., Wongsali, C., Kunakornsawat S. and Thayananuphat. A. Intraocular transmissible venereal tumors in dogs: A retrospective review of 21 cases. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 2020; 42 (3), 608-614,
23. Gowtham, RM., Balagangatharathilagar, M. Chandrasekar, M and Subapriya, S. Successful management of ocular transmissible venereal tumor in a dog The Pharma Innovation Journal 2023; 12(8): 1640-1641
24. Fathi M., Ashry M., Ali, KM., Hassan A. and Elkarmoty, AF. Clinico-pathological evaluation and treatment outcomes of canine transmissible venereal tumor using three different protocols. Pak. Vet. J. 2018; 38(2):204-208. https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.044
25. Kumar, K, Jha, AK., Ray, K., Gautam, AK., Singh, D. Diagnosis of TVT with cell cytology and efficacy of treatment with Vincristine Sulfate in non- descriptive Indian canine breeds. Journal of Animal Research. 2021;11(55):1352-1355.
26. Pereira, JS, Silva, ABF, Martins, ALB., Ferreira, AMR. and Brooks, DE. Immunohistochemical characterization of intraocular metastasis of a canine transmissible venereal tumor. Vet Ophthalmol, 2000;3(1): 43-47, DOI: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2000.00097.x
27. Chikweto, A, Kumthekar , S, Larkin H, Deallie C, Tiwari, KP., Sharma, RN, Bhaiyat, MI. (2013): Genital and extragenital canine transmissible venereal tumor in dogs in Grenada,WestIndies,OpenJVetMed,2013;3(2),111-114, DOI: 10.4236/ojvm.2013.32018
Published
2024-11-15
How to Cite
1.
Matale M, Hankanga C, Phiri F, Chipolo M, Mwandabantu M, Changula K, Pandey G. Clinico-pathology and Therapeutic Management of a Primary Atypical Extra-genital Ocular Transmissible Venereal Tumour in a dog in Lusaka, Zambia. Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences [Internet]. 15Nov.2024 [cited 9Jan.2025];8(1). Available from: https://nscme.unza.zm/index.php/JABS/article/view/1293
Section
Veterinary Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright: ©️ JABS. Articles in this journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.